Measuring Spillovers from Alternative Forms of Foreign Investment

Much of the endogenous growth literature has dwelled on evaluating the spillover effects of trade on growth, but much less efforts have been directed towards tracing and quantifying the spillover effects of foreign investments. This paper, in incorporating the effects of various types of foreign investments, namely foreign direct investment (FDI), foreign portfolio investment (FPI) and other foreign investment (OFI) fills this gap in the literature. Adopting the stochastic frontier approach, this paper constructs an OECD frontier based on a panel dataset of 20 OECD countries over the 1981-2000 period. Spillover effects of FDI, FPI, OFI and trade are gauged by their respective contributions towards reducing technical inefficiencies, which are represented by the distance of each country from the constructed frontier. Results from the multiple models examined in the paper indicate that inflows of foreign investment and trade have been instrumental in reducing inefficiencies across OECD countries, whereas outflows of foreign investment exacerbate inefficiencies. The study also confirms some previous findings that the spillover effects of FDI inflows are larger than that of trade but does not find evidence in favour of the view that the spillover effects of trade are overestimated when FDI flows are excluded from the analysis. Moreover, the impact of FDI inflows is larger than those of FPI and OFI inflows. The importance of absorptive capacities of host economies in capturing spillover gains from FDI inflows is also examined. Amongst the various measures of absorptive capacity considered, only human capital was found to be importantforeign direct, portfolio and other investment; spillovers; stochastic production frontier; OECD;

Effect of incubation period on plate count of raw ices and frozen fish

The total viable counts were estimated in one hundred and sixty five samples of raw, iced and frozen fish using incubation periods of 24, 48, 72 and 96h. For raw fish, 24h and for iced and frozen fish 48h incubation of the plates were found to be adequate. Variation between samples was significant at 1% level for raw iced and frozen samples

The influence of plating technique and incubation temperature on bacterial count from fish and fishery products

For bacterial sampling of raw unprocessed fish and frozen fishery products, spread plate method is preferable to pour plate method; incubation of plates at 30°C gives a higher count than incubation at 37°C. Analysis of variance of the data shows that sample variation between different types of fishes is highly significant whereas the variations between triplicate plates are not significant at 5 % level

Selection of suitable diluents for bacteriological examination of fishery products

For raw, iced and frozen samples of fish and prawn, significant difference was observed in total plate counts done with various diluents, the significance level ranging from 5% to 0.1%. For raw fish, N-saline, seawater and quarter strength Ringers' solution gave maximum total plate counts. In the case of iced-fish, n-saline yielded highest total plate counts. For frozen samples, however, peptone water and n-saline gave good recoveries. Trials with suitable combinations of diluents showed that though some of them were as good as the control, namely n-saline, none were superior in any way

Studies on the growth temperature ranges of bacteria isolated from fresh sardine at different primary incubation temperature

The effect of primary incubation temperature on the growth temperature range was studied with reference to 296 bacterial cultures isolated from sardine using streak plate technique. The primary incubation temperature used during bacteriological sampling caused a selection of strains according to their growth temperature requirements. Incubation at 8°C caused greater recoveries of psychrotrophs while 30°C favored mesophiles. An incubation temperature of 30°C facilitated the growth of both psychrotrophs and mesophiles

CO2 lidar system for atmospheric studies

A lidar facility using a TEA CO2 laser source is being developed at the ENEA Laboratories for Atmospheric Studies. The different subsystems and the proposed experimental activities are described

Impacts of the 20th January 2005 solar proton event on the ozone concentration of Indian cities

The ozone data obtained from Nimbus-7 and Earth probe Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) has been used to study the impact of coronal mass ejection (CME) on the columnar ozone concentration in India. A comparison of columnar ozone values for different solar proton events (SPE) observed at Srinagar indicates that although the 20th Jan., 2005 SPE was the most intense in the last 15 years, the ozone depletion was found to be maximum in the 23rd March, 1991 event followed by 20th Jan., 2005, 4th Nov., 2001, 19th Oct., 1989 and 28th Oct., 2003 events. A comparison between the ozone levels observed in different Indian cities for a few days after the 20th Jan., 2005 SPE indicates that the ozone values were found to decrease sharply at higher latitudes compared to places located in the tropics .The ozone values measured by TOMS, Dobson Spectrometer and AURA Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) were found to decrease for a short period from 20th January to 25th January after which the ozone levels started recovering to normal values. The vertical ozone profiles obtained from Microwave Limb Sounder for New Delhi, indicate that the ozonemixing ratio in the 3.0 to 10.0 hPa pressure range decreased consistently from 21st Jan., 2005 to 25th Jan., 2005 and thereafter, recovered by the 31st January, 2005.Impacts of the 20th January 2005 solar proton event on the ozone concentration of Indian cities Nandita D Ganguly 1* and K N Iyer 2 1 Department of Physics, St.Xavier’s College, Ahmedabad-380 009, Gujarat, India 2 Department of Physics, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360 005, Gujarat, India E–mail: [email protected] Received 1 December 2005, accepted 27 February 20061 Department of Physics, St.Xavier’s College, Ahmedabad-380 009, Gujarat, India 2 Department of Physics, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360 005, Gujarat, Indi

Kaluza–Klein gluon + jets associated production at the Large Hadron Collider

AbstractThe Kaluza–Klein excitations of gluons offer the exciting possibility of probing bulk Randall–Sundrum (RS) models. In these bulk models either a custodial symmetry or a deformation of the metric away from AdS is invoked in order to deal with electroweak precision tests. Addressing both these models, we suggest a new channel in which to study the production of KK-gluons (gKK): one where it is produced in association with one or more hard jets. The cross-section for the gKK + jets channel is significant because of several contributing sub-processes. In particular, the 1-jet and the 2-jet associated processes are important because at these orders in QCD the qg and the gg initial states respectively come into play. We have performed a hadron-level simulation of the signal and present strategies to effectively extract the signal from what could potentially be a huge background. We present results for the kinematic reach of the LHC Run-II for different gKK masses in bulk-RS models